解剖学和形态学
麻醉学
听力与言语-语言病理学
行为科学
心脏和心血管系统
细胞和组织工程学
临床神经病学
危重症监护医学
牙科,口腔外科和医学
皮肤病学
急诊医学
内分泌学和新陈代谢
肠胃学和肝脏学
老人病学和老年医学
卫生保健科学和服务
血液学
免疫学
传染病
综合和补充性医学
医学伦理学
医学信息学
医学实验室技术
医学,全科和内科
医学,法律
医学,研究和试验
神经系统科学
护理
营养学和饮食学
产科医学和妇科医学
肿瘤学
眼科学
整形外科学
耳鼻喉科学
病理学
儿科学
周围血管疾病
药理学和药剂学
生理学
基本医疗保健
精神病学
公共、环境和职业卫生
放射学,核医学和医学成像
康复学
生殖生物学
呼吸系统
风湿病学
运动科学
外科学
毒理学
热带医学
泌尿学和肾脏学
病毒学
老年医学
健康政策和服务
心理学,临床
abstract::Misattributed paternity or 'false' paternity is when a man is wrongly thought, by himself and possibly by others, to be the biological father of a child. Nowadays, because of the progression of genetics and genomics the possibility of finding misattributed paternity during familial genetic testing has increased. In co...
journal_title:Journal of medical ethics
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1136/medethics-2012-101062
更新日期:2014-03-01 00:00:00
abstract::The article considers the objection to a commercial market in living donor organs for transplantation on the ground that such a market would be exploitative of the vendors. It examines a key challenge to that objection, to the effect that denying poor people the option to sell an organ is to withhold from them the bes...
journal_title:Journal of medical ethics
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1136/medethics-2012-100770
更新日期:2014-01-01 00:00:00
abstract:OBJECTIVE:Adolescents have had very limited access to research on biomedical prevention interventions despite high rates of HIV acquisition. One concern is that adolescents are a vulnerable population, and trials carry a possibility of harm, requiring investigators to take additional precautions. Of particular concern ...
journal_title:Journal of medical ethics
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1136/medethics-2012-100821
更新日期:2013-12-01 00:00:00
abstract::Sterilisation is the most desired method of contraception worldwide. In 1996, the Brazilian Congress approved a family planning law that legitimised female and male sterilisation, but forbade sterilisation during childbirth. As a result of this law, procedures currently occur in a clandestine nature upon payment. Desp...
journal_title:Journal of medical ethics
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1136/medethics-2012-101142
更新日期:2013-11-01 00:00:00
abstract::Public and healthcare professionals differ in their attitudes towards euthanasia and physician-assisted suicide (PAS), the legal status of which is currently in the spotlight in the UK. In addition to medical training and experience, religiosity, locus of control and patient characteristics (eg, patient age, pain leve...
journal_title:Journal of medical ethics
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1136/medethics-2012-100729
更新日期:2013-11-01 00:00:00
abstract::Euthanasia and physician-assisted suicide (PAS) by request and/or based on an advance directive are legal in The Netherlands under strict conditions, thus providing options for patients with Huntington's disease (HD) and other neurodegenerative diseases to stay in control and choose their end of life. HD is an inherit...
journal_title:Journal of medical ethics
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1136/medethics-2011-100369
更新日期:2013-10-01 00:00:00
abstract::Brierley et al argue that in cases where it is medically futile to continue providing life-sustaining therapies to children in intensive care, medical professionals should be allowed to withdraw such therapies, even when the parents of these children believe that there is a chance of a miracle cure taking place. In re...
journal_title:Journal of medical ethics
pub_type: 评论,杂志文章
doi:10.1136/medethics-2012-100677
更新日期:2013-09-01 00:00:00
abstract::The case of W v M and Others, in which the court rejected an application to withdraw artificial nutrition and hydration from a woman in a minimally conscious state, raises a number of profoundly important medico-legal issues. This article questions whether the requirement to respect the autonomy of incompetent patient...
journal_title:Journal of medical ethics
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1136/medethics-2012-100907
更新日期:2013-09-01 00:00:00
abstract::Kovacs argues that honorary authorship and regarding each co-author of multi-authored papers as if they were sole authors when the performance of researchers is being evaluated by their publications mean that we should require authors to identify what proportion of each publication should be attributed to each co-auth...
journal_title:Journal of medical ethics
pub_type: 评论,杂志文章
doi:10.1136/medethics-2012-100939
更新日期:2013-08-01 00:00:00
abstract::Non-therapeutic circumcision violates boys' right to bodily integrity as well as to self-determination. There is neither any verifiable medical advantage connected with the intervention nor is it painless nor without significant risks. Possible negative consequences for the psychosexual development of circumcised boys...
journal_title:Journal of medical ethics
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1136/medethics-2012-101284
更新日期:2013-07-01 00:00:00
abstract:INTRODUCTION:Future HIV vaccine efficacy trials with adolescents will need to ensure that participants comprehend study concepts in order to confer true informed assent. A Hepatitis B vaccine trial with adolescents offers valuable opportunity to test youth understanding of vaccine trial requirements in general. METHOD...
journal_title:Journal of medical ethics
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1136/medethics-2012-101286
更新日期:2013-06-01 00:00:00
abstract::In The Netherlands, neonatal euthanasia has become a legal option and the Groningen Protocol contains an approach to identify situations in which neonatal euthanasia might be appropriate. In the 5 years following the publication of the protocol, neither the prediction that this would be the first step on a slippery sl...
journal_title:Journal of medical ethics
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1136/medethics-2013-101402
更新日期:2013-05-01 00:00:00
abstract::In their controversial paper 'After-birth abortion', Alberto Giubilini and Francesca Minerva argue that there is no rational basis for allowing abortion but prohibiting infanticide ('after-birth abortion'). We ought in all consistency either to allow both or prohibit both. This paper rejects their claim, arguing that ...
journal_title:Journal of medical ethics
pub_type: 评论,杂志文章
doi:10.1136/medethics-2012-100629
更新日期:2013-05-01 00:00:00
abstract::Over the decades of experimentation on the placebo effect, it has become clear that it is driven largely by expectation, and that strong expectations of efficacy are more likely to give rise to the experience of benefit. No wonder the placebo effect has come to resemble a self-fulfilling prophecy. However, this resemb...
journal_title:Journal of medical ethics
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1136/medethics-2012-101057
更新日期:2013-04-01 00:00:00
abstract::Two principles form the basis for much priority setting in health. According to the greater benefit principle, resources should be directed toward the intervention with the greater health benefit. According to the worse off principle, resources should be directed toward the intervention benefiting those initially wors...
journal_title:Journal of medical ethics
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1136/medethics-2012-100740
更新日期:2013-03-01 00:00:00
abstract::In his classic paper, 'Why abortion is immoral', Don Marquis argues that what makes killing an adult seriously immoral is that it deprives the victim of the valuable future he/she would have otherwise had. Moreover, Marquis contends, because abortion deprives a fetus of the very same thing, aborting a fetus is just as...
journal_title:Journal of medical ethics
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1136/medethics-2012-100604
更新日期:2013-02-01 00:00:00
abstract::Discussions on the ethics and regulation of clinical research have a great deal to say about the responsibilities of investigators, sponsors, research institutions and institutional review boards, but very little about the responsibilities of research participants. In this article, we discuss the responsibilities of p...
journal_title:Journal of medical ethics
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1136/medethics-2011-100319
更新日期:2012-12-01 00:00:00
abstract::Until recently, moral case deliberation (MCD) sessions have mostly been facilitated by external experts, mainly professional ethicists. We have developed a train the facilitator programme for healthcare professionals aimed at providing them with the competences needed for being an MCD facilitator. In this paper, we pr...
journal_title:Journal of medical ethics
pub_type: 杂志文章,多中心研究
doi:10.1136/medethics-2012-100546
更新日期:2012-10-01 00:00:00
abstract::Five arguments are presented in favour of the proposal that people who opt in as organ donors should receive a tax break. These arguments appeal to welfare, autonomy, fairness, distributive justice and self-ownership, respectively. Eight worries about the proposal are considered in this paper. These objections focus u...
journal_title:Journal of medical ethics
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1136/medethics-2011-100163
更新日期:2012-08-01 00:00:00
abstract::Determining whether a research risk meets or exceeds a regulatory standard of risk acceptability is difficult. Recently a framework called the systematic evaluation of research risks (SERR) has been proposed as a method of comparing research risks with predetermined standards of acceptability. SERR purports to offer a...
journal_title:Journal of medical ethics
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1136/medethics-2011-100194
更新日期:2012-07-01 00:00:00
abstract::Although an invasive medical intervention, Deep Brain Stimulation (DBS) has been regarded as an efficient and safe treatment of Parkinson's disease for the last 20 years. In terms of clinical ethics, it is worth asking whether the use of DBS may have unanticipated negative effects similar to those associated with othe...
journal_title:Journal of medical ethics
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1136/medethics-2011-100044
更新日期:2012-07-01 00:00:00
abstract::To many in India and elsewhere, the life and thoughts of Mohandas Karamchand Gandhi are a source of inspiration. The idea of non-violence was pivotal in his thinking. In this context, Gandhi reflected upon the possibility of what is now called 'euthanasia' and 'assisted suicide'. So far, his views on these practices h...
journal_title:Journal of medical ethics
pub_type: 传,历史文章,杂志文章
doi:10.1136/medethics-2011-100268
更新日期:2012-07-01 00:00:00
abstract::According to estimates more than 400 biobanks currently operate across Europe. The term 'biobank' indicates a specific field of genetic study that has quietly developed without any significant critical reflection across European societies. Although scientists now routinely use this phrase, the wider public is still co...
journal_title:Journal of medical ethics
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1136/jme.2010.041632
更新日期:2012-06-01 00:00:00
abstract::Newborn screening is the programme through which newborn babies are screened for a variety of conditions shortly after birth. Programmes such as this are individually oriented but resemble traditional public health programmes because they are targeted at large groups of the population and they are offered as preventiv...
journal_title:Journal of medical ethics
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1136/medethics-2011-100040
更新日期:2012-05-01 00:00:00
abstract::Many children in the USA are prescribed psychotropic drugs that have not been fully investigated in paediatric clinical trials. The common practice of prescribing psychotropic drugs off-label poses unknown and potentially serious short- and long-term consequences for these children. This paper briefly reviews the fact...
journal_title:Journal of medical ethics
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:10.1136/medethics-2011-100003
更新日期:2012-04-01 00:00:00
abstract::Medical ethical analysis remains dominated by the principlist account first proposed by Beauchamp and Childress. This paper argues that the principlist model is unreflective of how ethical decisions are taken in clinical practice. Two kinds of medical ethical decisions are distinguished: biosocial ethics and clinical ...
journal_title:Journal of medical ethics
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1136/medethics-2011-100136
更新日期:2012-04-01 00:00:00
abstract::This essay argues that the field of bioethics should concern itself especially with the process of making moral sense that unfolds among clinicians, patients and family members during common but high-stakes conversations occurring on the front lines of practice. The essay outlines the parameters of a bioethics grounde...
journal_title:Journal of medical ethics
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1136/medethics-2011-100084
更新日期:2012-04-01 00:00:00
abstract:BACKGROUND:Because opioids can suppress respiratory drive, the principle of double effect (PDE) has been used to justify their use for terminally ill patients. Recent studies, however, suggest that the risk of respiratory depression in typical end-of-life (EOL) situations may be overstated and that heightened concern f...
journal_title:Journal of medical ethics
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1136/medethics-2011-100105
更新日期:2012-03-01 00:00:00
abstract::Since the 1990s, glycated haemoglobin (HbA1C) has been the gold standard for monitoring glycaemic control in people diagnosed as having either type 1 diabetes mellitus (T1DM) or type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM). Discussions are underway about diagnosing diabetes mellitus on the basis of HbA1C titres and using HbA1C tes...
journal_title:Journal of medical ethics
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1136/medethics-2011-100086
更新日期:2012-03-01 00:00:00
abstract::This article describes the findings of a mixed method literature review that examined the perceptions of elderly patients and residents of a good nurse in nursing homes, hospitals and home care. According to elderly patients and residents, good nurses are individuals who have the necessary technical and psychosocial s...
journal_title:Journal of medical ethics
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:10.1136/medethics-2011-100046
更新日期:2012-02-01 00:00:00
abstract::This paper makes two main claims: first, that the need to protect health professionals' moral integrity is what grounds the right to conscientious objection in health care; and second, that for a given claim of conscientious objection to be acceptable to society, a certain set of criteria should be fulfilled. The impo...
journal_title:Journal of medical ethics
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1136/jme.2011.043646
更新日期:2012-01-01 00:00:00
abstract::In this paper, I respond to criticisms by John Harris, contained in a commentary on my article "Harris, harmed states, and sexed bodies", which appeared in the Journal of Medical Ethics, volume 37, number 5. I argue that Harris's response to my criticisms exposes the strong eugenic tendencies in his own thought, when ...
journal_title:Journal of medical ethics
pub_type: 评论,杂志文章
doi:10.1136/jme.2011.045021
更新日期:2012-01-01 00:00:00
abstract::Understanding dental ethics as a field separate from its much better known counterpart, medical ethics, is a relatively new, but necessary approach in bioethics. This need is particularly felt in dental education and establishing a curriculum specifically for dental ethics is a challenging task. Although certain topic...
journal_title:Journal of medical ethics
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1136/medethics-2011-100067
更新日期:2012-01-01 00:00:00
abstract::In a recent case in the UK, six men stored their sperm before undergoing chemotherapy treatment for cancer in case they proved to be infertile after the treatment. The sperm was not properly stored and as a result was inadvertently destroyed. The men sued the NHS Trust that stored the sperm and were in the end success...
journal_title:Journal of medical ethics
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1136/jme.2010.042036
更新日期:2011-12-01 00:00:00
abstract::David Shaw's response to Hugh McLachlan's criticism of his proposed new perspective on euthanasia is ineffectual, mistaken and unfair. It is false to say that the latter does not present an argument to support his claim that there is a moral difference between killing and letting die. It is not the consequences alone ...
journal_title:Journal of medical ethics
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1136/jme.2011.044966
更新日期:2011-12-01 00:00:00
abstract::Futile treatment is one ethically challenging situation commonly encountered by junior doctors. By analysing an intern's story using a role virtues framework, I propose a set of three steps for junior doctors facing this problem. I claim that junior doctors ought always to investigate the rationale underlying decision...
journal_title:Journal of medical ethics
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1136/jme.2010.041095
更新日期:2011-11-01 00:00:00
abstract::This paper argues the case for coming to see 'medical politics' as a topic or subject within medical education. First, its absence is noted from the wide array of paramedical subjects (medical ethics, history of medicine, the medical humanities, etc) currently given attention in both the medical education literature a...
journal_title:Journal of medical ethics
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1136/jme.2010.041277
更新日期:2011-10-01 00:00:00
abstract:BACKGROUND:Medical tourism involves patients travelling internationally to receive medical services. This practice raises a range of ethical issues, including potential harms to the patient's home and destination country and risks to the patient's own health. Medical tourists often engage the services of a facilitator ...
journal_title:Journal of medical ethics
pub_type: 杂志文章,多中心研究
doi:10.1136/jme.2011.042374
更新日期:2011-09-01 00:00:00
abstract::In medicine, racial differences are frequently presented as part of the best explanation of differences in the risk of diseases. The problem of using racial classification in biomedical research has become important because of its ethical consequences in society. However, the biological relevance of the concept of rac...
journal_title:Journal of medical ethics
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1136/jme.2011.043752
更新日期:2011-09-01 00:00:00
abstract:OBJECTIVE:The purpose of this article is to investigate the need for ethics support in Dutch healthcare institutions in order to understand why ethics support is often not used in practice and which factors are relevant in this context. METHODS:This study had a mixed methods design integrating quantitative and qualita...
journal_title:Journal of medical ethics
pub_type: 杂志文章,多中心研究
doi:10.1136/jme.2010.040626
更新日期:2011-08-01 00:00:00